CMOS Image Sensor

Noise analysis

• source follower
  • Yue Chen, Yang Xu, Adri J. Mierop, and Albert JP Theuwissen. "Column-parallel digital correlated multiple sampling for low-noise CMOS image sensors." IEEE Sensors Journal 12, no. 4 (2012): 793-799.

Noise cancellation

• correlated double sampling
• delta double sampling
• quadruple sampling
• correlated multiple sampling

Noise Categories

• Temporal noise
  • Photon shot noise
  • Dark shot noise (leakage current, maximum at hot pixels)
  • kT/C reset noise (thermal noise in capacitors)
  • Thermal noise
• Spatial noise
  • Dark FPN
  • Pixel source-follower FPN (offset and gain)
  • Column FPN (offset and gain)
• System noise
  • ADC quantization noise
  • Line noise or crosstalk